urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2A452A63-0B25-4110-B9E1-61A69CD0E7FB, urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:D55D7B33-BAF0-48AC-B826-D3FF6787EEA7, reviewed. [3] One case was officially confirmed in South America in 1992, in a 17-year-old man who developed a dermonecrotic lesion. where the apical part is thin and pointed (Fig. H. goanikontesensis sp. Saka Wasser Edeka,

........................................................................................................ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:DD563DE2-A5BD-4AB0-8319-021E01B366DA, Female inner spermathecae consist of one lateral extending sac and a divided round sac medially, each side, with a small sclerotized reduced outer spermatheca (Fig. Although the genus was originally erected in 1878 (then with the name Hexomma), it was merged into the genus Sicarius in the 1890s, and remained unused until revived in 2017, when it was discovered that the African species then placed in Sicarius were distinct.

Scale bar = 1mm. SMase D activity levels differ among major clades with American Sicarius vastly reduced relative to all Loxosceles and African Sicarius despite expression of SMase D homologs in venoms of American Sicarius. The expedition route passed through several countries/territories that have since changed their boundaries and/or names. Hexophthalma hahni Karsch, 1879h: 109 (generic replacement name). As very little collecting has been done in. for preceding (NMNW 42927); 1 ♂, Atlas Bay, Diamond area I, 26°49′ S, coastal dunes, 2826Cb, 10 Nov. 1986, E. Grifn leg. Fou descrit per primera vegada per Charles Athanase Walckenaer l'any 1847 com a Hexomma hahni .

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(CAS); 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀, 1 imm., Prince Albert, Swartberg Nature Reserve, Gamkaskloof, Die Hel, 33°20′ S, (NMNW. It camouflages itself with sands of the desserts. Coordinates given in square brackets are not included on the. We discuss the evolution of venom proteins, spinning organs and cryptic appearance in Sicariidae.

G. Müller leg. Fun fact: This species of Six Eyed Sand Spider was once thought to be in the same Genus as other Sicarius species, but it has been recently discovered that this species belongs to a different genus called Hexophthalma. 2018. information about building their web is available.

apex (Fig. H. leroyi sp. Hexophthalma is a genus of spiders in the family Sicariidae.

[3][5] However, most Hexophthalama species have only been studied in vitro, and the detailed effects of their venom in humans and other vertebrates are unknown. 19); this is.

Hells Angels Gallery, Merle Gzsz Darsteller,

The new species is diagnosed from other species of the genus, and compared in detail. Nothing is known so far about juvenile six-eyed spiderlings.

17). Species in the genus have necrotic (dermonecrotic) venom, and can potentially cause serious or even life-threatening wounds.

M. Burger leg. The six-eyed sand spiders are potentially venomous as their bite might include hemolytic and necrotic effects.

We include an identification key for Brazilian Caatinga species of Sicarius.

F. lineata Simon, 1901, previously treated as nomen dubium, is revalidated and redescribed. While hunting, it uses its front legs to catch the prey.

Hexophthalma damarensis (Lawrence, 1928). the number of sac-like inner spermathecae varies from three to seven sacs among specimens and from, TL = 9.01 (8.0–9.8); CL = 4.65 (4.1–5.2); CW, the base and a thicker basal part with a slight hump on one side, apical of median on the thicker part of, urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3EAAF34D-D7DB-4C5F-84BE-231233E064B4, outer spermatheca (Fig.

Hexophthalma testacea synonymized with Hexophthalma hahni: 2017-03-26: New taxonomic reference entry: Magalhães, Brescovit & Santos, 2017: n/a : 2017-03-26: Species transferred to new genus: Magalhães, Brescovit & Santos, 2017: Species transferred from Sicarius to Hexophthalma Karsch, F. (1879h).

Sentinel Ranch, Hunters Camp, 2229Ab, 16 Apr. Marais). Hexophthalma hahni Karsch, 1879h: 109 (generic replacement name).

.mw-parser-output table.clade{border-spacing:0;margin:0;font-size:100%;line-height:100%;border-collapse:separate;width:auto}.mw-parser-output table.clade table.clade{width:100%;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label{width:0.7em;padding:0 0.15em;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width{overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.first{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel{padding:0 0.15em;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.last{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar{vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;padding:0 0.5em;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar.reverse{text-align:right;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf{border:0;padding:0;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leafR{border:0;padding:0;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf.reverse{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkA{background-color:yellow}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkB{background-color:green}, Two new species were added to the genus in 2018, and one previously accepted species, H. testacea, was synonymized with H. hahnii.

Due to their flattened stance and laterigrade legs, they are also sometimes known as six-eyed crab spiders.

Species of this genus have venom which may have necrotic Hexophthalma Karsch, 1879 Type species: Hexomma hahnii Ferdinand Karsch, 1878 Synonymy . They may be a cutting, division or non-rooting plant. H. spatulata (Pocock, 1900). (SAMC C1981); 1 ♀, Clanwilliam Features: The entire spider body is covered with setae or hairs that help The ancestral climatic niche of Sicariinae are temperate/dry areas, with 2–3 shifts to tropical/seasonally dry areas in Sicarius. infection spreads.There are insufficient details about the identification patterns Natural history Hexophthalma hahni have been collected in the Fynbos, Grassland, Karoo, Desert and Savanna biomes, by pitfall traps and by hand, in caves and from under rocks and logs. Purcell and Simon treated 81 and 100 species respectively, of which 49 and 67 respectively were new.

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Assessing the reliability of such information, we reviewed 120 case reports of loxoscelism published in 84 articles over the past 20 years. Required fields are marked *. Sicariinae sand spiders are intimately associated with these xeric environments, particularly seasonally dry tropical forests (SDTFs) and subtropical deserts/scrublands in Africa (Hexophthalma) and the Neotropics (Sicarius). Similarly, ancestral biomes occupied by the group are temperate and dry (deserts, Mediterranean shrub, temperate grasslands), with 2–3 shifts to tropical, seasonally dry forests and grasslands.

Thin apical part of embolus almost as long as thicker basal part (Fig. (PPRI 83/198); 1 ♂, The Island, S of Herbertsdale, 34.08° S, 21.77° E, 3 Jan. 2006,

— Purcell 1908: 225. have been collected in desert areas, by pit traps and by hand. In evaluating all of the localities provided in the treatments of species in these two papers, as well as subsequent taxonomic literature, we found that 25 of the 68 nominative species treated by Purcell and 38 of the 92 species treated by Simon had incorrect distribution data in the World Spider Catalog (2019). [1] Although the genus was originally erected in 1878 (then with the name Hexomma), it was merged into the genus Sicarius in the 1890s, and remained unused until revived in 2017, when it was discovered that the African species then placed in Sicarius were distinct.

Enlarged dorsal setae on femora raised on a slight mound and scoop-shaped (Fig.

(PPRI 2009/3828); 1 ♂, same data as for preceding but 30 Jan. 2006 (PPRI 2009/3829); ♀, Papendorp, near Olifants River Estuary [ca 31°42′ S, 18°13′ E], 12 Nov. 1949, B. Malkin leg.



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